Difference between revisions of "CertFP"
Ohnoitsjamie (talk | contribs) m (Ohnoitsjamie moved page CertFP to IRCOPs are mean bullies who should go back in time to Hiroshima in 1945) |
m (→Add the certificate fingerprint to NickServ: Added link to SASL External client configuration guide.) |
||
(25 intermediate revisions by 6 users not shown) | |||
Line 1: | Line 1: | ||
==Introduction== | ==Introduction== | ||
This page describes how to connect, and identify yourself to services securely via a certificate fingerprint. | This page describes how to connect, and identify yourself to services securely via a client certificate fingerprint; a.k.a., CertFP. | ||
A major advantage of using a CertFP to authenticate is that you don't have to use <code>/msg NickServ IDENTIFY</code> | A major advantage of using a client CertFP to authenticate is that you don't have to use <code>/msg NickServ IDENTIFY</code> any more. | ||
By using [[TLS|SSL/TLS]], you are also encrypting the connection between you and the server. | |||
==Creating the certificate== | ==Creating the certificate== | ||
Line 11: | Line 12: | ||
===OpenSSL=== | ===OpenSSL=== | ||
We will be using OpenSSL to create the certificate. If you haven't already, please install OpenSSL using these instructions: | We will be using OpenSSL to create the client certificate. If you haven't already, please install OpenSSL using these instructions: | ||
{| class="wikitable" | {| class="wikitable" | ||
Line 18: | Line 19: | ||
! width="49%" | Linux | ! width="49%" | Linux | ||
|- valign="top" | |- valign="top" | ||
| | | | ||
| Most distributions come with OpenSSL or have the OpenSSL package in their repositories. If they don't, please go to | ; ''Notes:'' | ||
* ''At the time of writing this tutorial, Windows 8.1 and 10 with Win64 OpenSSL v3.0.5 Light were used.'' | |||
* ''In case of 32-bit files; replace every occurrence of Win64 with Win32.'' | |||
<br /> | |||
Download and install the latest version of '''[https://slproweb.com/products/Win32OpenSSL.html Win64 OpenSSL v3.0.5 Light]'''. | |||
* The default installation folder should be fine. | |||
* For this exercise, '''Copy OpenSSL DLLs to: The OpenSSL binaries (/bin) directory''' is good enough. Select otherwise if you'd like for these encryption libraries to be available to other software; e.g., some IRC clients. | |||
| Most distributions come with OpenSSL or have the OpenSSL package in their repositories. If they don't, please go to https://www.openssl.org/ and install it. | |||
|} | |} | ||
===Generating a .pem=== | ===Generating a .pem=== | ||
Line 31: | Line 39: | ||
! width="49%" | Linux | ! width="49%" | Linux | ||
|- valign="top" | |- valign="top" | ||
| | | Start menu → OpenSSL → Win64 OpenSSL Command Prompt ... and run the following command: | ||
|Ensure OpenSSL is installed on your system using your distro's package manager, then run the following command: | |||
|- | |||
|colspan="2"|<code>openssl req -nodes -newkey rsa:4096 -keyout Rizon.key -x509 -days 365 -out Rizon.cer</code> | |||
|<code>openssl req -nodes -newkey rsa: | |||
|} | |} | ||
Line 54: | Line 59: | ||
By now, two files have been generated; which you will need to combine together as follows: | |||
{| class="wikitable" | {| class="wikitable" | ||
Line 61: | Line 66: | ||
! width="49%" | Linux | ! width="49%" | Linux | ||
|- valign="top" | |- valign="top" | ||
| | |Type <code>copy Rizon.cer+Rizon.key Rizon.pem</code> and press {{Key Enter}} | ||
|<code>cat Rizon.cer Rizon.key > Rizon.pem</code> | |<code>cat Rizon.cer Rizon.key > Rizon.pem</code> | ||
|} | |} | ||
Line 69: | Line 72: | ||
==Configuring your client== | ==Configuring your client== | ||
These guidelines vary highly from client to client. | |||
===KVIrc=== | ===KVIrc=== | ||
Move the Rizon.pem file to a safe place. | Move the '''<big><kbd>Rizon.pem</kbd></big>''' file to a safe place. | ||
* Go to | * Go to '''Settings''' → '''Configure KVIrc''' | ||
* Go to | * Go to '''Connection''' → '''Advanced''' | ||
* On the | * On the tab '''SSL''' check '''Use SSL certificate''' and '''Use SSL private key''' and point both to the '''<big><kbd>Rizon.pem</kbd></big>''' file you created. | ||
* Change your connection settings and enable the SSL option. | * Change your connection settings and enable the SSL option. | ||
* [[CertFP#Add the certificate fingerprint to NickServ|Add your client certificate fingerprint to NickServ]]. | |||
===mIRC=== | ===mIRC=== | ||
Move the Rizon.pem file to a safe place. Make sure | Move the '''<big><kbd>Rizon.pem</kbd></big>''' file to a safe place. Make sure SSL is enabled in your mIRC by typing <code>//echo -a $sslready</code> which should return '''<big><kbd>$true</kbd></big>'''. If not, then go here https://www.mirc.com/ssl.html | ||
* Go to | * Go to '''Tools''' → '''Options''' → '''Connect''' → '''Options''' | ||
* | * Press the {{Button|text=SSL...}} button. | ||
* Click on the empty box below | *: If there isn't one, then upgrade your mIRC to [https://www.mirc.co.uk/ the latest version]. Otherwise, follow the [[CertFP#Creating the certificate|OpenSSL installation steps]] properly, noting the second Notes bullet point. | ||
* Do the same for | * Click on the empty box below '''Private key file:''', navigate to where you placed your '''<big><kbd>Rizon.pem</kbd></big>''' and select it. | ||
* Do the same for '''Certificate chain file:''' | |||
* Press {{Button|OK}} , (re)connect, and [[CertFP#Add the certificate fingerprint to NickServ|add your client certificate fingerprint to NickServ]]. | |||
* Finally, to check whether you are connected with SSL, <code>//echo -a $ssl</code> should return '''<big><kbd>$true</kbd></big>'''. | |||
===XChat=== | ===XChat=== | ||
XChat uses the pem file that corresponds with the name of the network under | XChat uses the '''<big><kbd>.pem</kbd></big>''' file that corresponds with the name of the network under '''Network list'''. If <big><kbd>irc.rizon.net</kbd></big> is named under '''Rizon''', then all you have to do is move the '''<big><kbd>Rizon.pem</kbd></big>''' file to <code>~/.xchat2/Rizon.pem</code> for Linux/UNIX users, or <code>C:\Users\xxx\AppData\Roaming\X-Chat 2</code> for Windows users. If it's not named '''Rizon''', then you will have to either rename the '''<big><kbd>.pem</kbd></big>''' file, or rename the network that <big><kbd>irc.rizon.net</kbd></big> is listed under, so they match each other. Once you are done with that: | ||
* Go to | * Go to '''XChat''' → '''Network List''' | ||
* | * In the '''Networks''' list, find '''Rizon''' and press {{Button|Edit...}} | ||
* Select the | * Select the box '''Use SSL for all the servers on this network'''. | ||
* | * Press {{Button|Close}} and then press {{Button|Connect}} | ||
* [[CertFP#Add the certificate fingerprint to NickServ|Add your client certificate fingerprint to NickServ]]. | |||
===HexChat=== | ===HexChat=== | ||
HexChat uses the pem file that corresponds with the name of the network under | HexChat uses the '''<big><kbd>.pem</kbd></big>''' file that corresponds with the name of the network under '''Network list'''. If <big><kbd>irc.rizon.net</kbd></big> is named under '''Rizon''', then all you have to do is move the '''<big><kbd>Rizon.pem</kbd></big>''' file to <code>~/.config/hexchat/certs/Rizon.pem</code> for Linux users, or <code>C:\Users\xxx\AppData\Roaming\hexchat\certs</code> for Windows users. If it's not named '''Rizon''', then you will have to either rename the '''<big><kbd>.pem</kbd></big>''' file, or rename the network that <big><kbd>irc.rizon.net</kbd></big> is listed under, so they match each other. Once you are done with that: | ||
* Go to HexChat | * Go to '''HexChat''' → '''Network List''' | ||
* | * In the '''Networks''' list, find '''Rizon''' and press {{Button|Edit...}} | ||
* Select the | * Select the box '''Use SSL for all the servers on this network'''. | ||
* | * Press {{Button|Close}} and then press {{Button|Connect}} | ||
* [[CertFP#Add the certificate fingerprint to NickServ|Add your client certificate fingerprint to NickServ]]. | |||
[https://hexchat.readthedocs.org/en/latest/tips.html#client-certificates HexChat Documentation] | [https://hexchat.readthedocs.org/en/latest/tips.html#client-certificates HexChat Documentation] | ||
===WeeChat=== | ===WeeChat=== | ||
* | * Quit WeeChat | ||
* | * Move '''<big><kbd>Rizon.pem</kbd></big>''' to <code>~/.weechat/ssl/Rizon.pem</code> | ||
* | * Open <code>~/.weechat/irc.conf</code> | ||
* | * Make the following options look like this: | ||
<pre># changing the port to 6697 or 9999 is what matters | <pre># changing the port to 6697 or 9999 is what matters | ||
rizon.addresses = "irc.rizon.net/6697" | rizon.addresses = "irc.rizon.net/6697" | ||
Line 114: | Line 123: | ||
rizon.ssl_cert = "%h/ssl/Rizon.pem" | rizon.ssl_cert = "%h/ssl/Rizon.pem" | ||
# 2048 is the default anyway... *shrugs* | # 2048 is the default anyway... *shrugs* | ||
rizon.ssl_dhkey_size = 2048 | rizon.ssl_dhkey_size = 2048</pre> | ||
# | * [[CertFP#Add the certificate fingerprint to NickServ|Add your client certificate fingerprint to NickServ]]. | ||
=== | ===Irssi=== | ||
* | * On your shell: move the cert to <code>~/.irssi/certs/Rizon.pem</code> | ||
* | * In Irssi: use this command <code>/SERVER ADD -tls -tls_cert ~/.irssi/certs/Rizon.pem -network Rizon irc.rizon.net 6697</code> | ||
* [[CertFP#Add the certificate fingerprint to NickServ|Add your client certificate fingerprint to NickServ]]. | |||
===ZNC=== | ===ZNC=== | ||
* | * Ensure the [https://wiki.znc.in/Cert Cert module] is loaded ([https://wiki.znc.in/Cert cert] '''not''' [https://wiki.znc.in/Certauth certauth]). | ||
* To add your certificate/pem file | * To add your certificate/pem file, either: | ||
** Copy and paste the contents of the <big><kbd>*.pem</kbd></big> file into the *certauth web interface at | |||
**: '''<kbd>http<nowiki><s></nowiki>://<url>:<port>/mods/network/<rizon net name>/cert/</kbd>''' | |||
*: or | |||
** If you are using [https://wiki.znc.in/Cert cert] as a '''user''' module, move your certificate to <code>~/.znc/users/<user>/moddata/cert/user.pem</code> | |||
** If you are using [https://wiki.znc.in/Cert cert] as a '''network''' module, move your certificate to <code>~/.znc/users/<user>/networks/<rizon net name>/moddata/cert/user.pem</code> | |||
* [[CertFP#Add the certificate fingerprint to NickServ|Add your client certificate fingerprint to NickServ]]. | |||
===Quassel=== | ===Quassel=== | ||
* Go to | * Go to Quassel and click '''Settings''' → '''Configure Quassel''' (or press {{Key Txt|F7}}). | ||
* Click 'Identities' in the left-hand sidebar and choose the identity you wish to associate your certificate with. | * Click '''Identities''' in the left-hand sidebar, and choose the identity you wish to associate your certificate with. | ||
* In the 'Advanced' tab, under the 'Use SSL Certificate' section, load the Rizon.pem file you created. | * In the '''Advanced''' tab, under the '''Use SSL Certificate''' section, load the '''<big><kbd>Rizon.pem</kbd></big>''' file you created. | ||
You can check to make sure this is setup correctly by typing <code>/msg *cert info</code>. If you get back | You can check to make sure this is setup correctly by typing <code>/msg *cert info</code>. If you get back '''You have a certificate in:''' <code><path></code> then you're done. You can now use <code>/msg *status connect</code> to reconnect using cert. | ||
If you have configured everything correctly, you should see the following when you connect to Rizon: | |||
*** Connected securely via TLSv1.2 ECDHE-RSA-AES256-GCM-SHA384-256 | |||
*** Your client certificate fingerprint is xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx | |||
Welcome to the Rizon Internet Relay Chat Network Rebel_n00b | |||
* [[CertFP#Add the certificate fingerprint to NickServ|Add your client certificate fingerprint to NickServ]]. | |||
==Add the certificate fingerprint to NickServ== | ==Add the certificate fingerprint to NickServ== | ||
* Identify yourself through services with <code>/msg NickServ IDENTIFY <em>yourPassword</em></code>. | |||
* Copy and paste this line: <code>/msg NickServ ACCESS ADD FINGERPRINT</code> | |||
* In your client, disable whatever auto-authentication you've had with NickServ, before you saw this tutorial | |||
* Change your Rizon server settings to use '''[[SASL#SASL_EXTERNAL_Client_Configurations|SASL (External)]]''' for login method, instead. | |||
* Reconnect. | |||
If it works, you will be identified by services automatically via the fingerprint. | |||
If you have any questions, feel free to join #ssl or #help and ask. | If you have any questions, feel free to join #ssl or #help and ask. |
Latest revision as of 03:04, 29 September 2023
Introduction
This page describes how to connect, and identify yourself to services securely via a client certificate fingerprint; a.k.a., CertFP.
A major advantage of using a client CertFP to authenticate is that you don't have to use /msg NickServ IDENTIFY
any more.
By using SSL/TLS, you are also encrypting the connection between you and the server.
Creating the certificate
OpenSSL
We will be using OpenSSL to create the client certificate. If you haven't already, please install OpenSSL using these instructions:
Windows | Linux |
---|---|
|
Most distributions come with OpenSSL or have the OpenSSL package in their repositories. If they don't, please go to https://www.openssl.org/ and install it. |
Generating a .pem
To generate the required .pem file, you will need to create a key and a certificate first:
Windows | Linux |
---|---|
Start menu → OpenSSL → Win64 OpenSSL Command Prompt ... and run the following command: | Ensure OpenSSL is installed on your system using your distro's package manager, then run the following command: |
openssl req -nodes -newkey rsa:4096 -keyout Rizon.key -x509 -days 365 -out Rizon.cer
|
Assuming your commands were entered successfully, you will be asked some questions. Fill them in similarly to what is shown below:
Country Name (2 letter code) [US]:US State or Province Name (full name) [Texas]:Michigan Locality Name (eg, city) [San Antonio]:Grand Rapids Organization Name (eg, company) [Stealth3]: Rizon Organizational Unit Name (eg, section) [ISP]: IRC Common Name (eg, YOUR name) []:Rebel_n00b Email Address []:rebel@rizon.net
By now, two files have been generated; which you will need to combine together as follows:
Windows | Linux |
---|---|
Type copy Rizon.cer+Rizon.key Rizon.pem and press ↵ Enter
|
cat Rizon.cer Rizon.key > Rizon.pem
|
Configuring your client
These guidelines vary highly from client to client.
KVIrc
Move the Rizon.pem file to a safe place.
- Go to Settings → Configure KVIrc
- Go to Connection → Advanced
- On the tab SSL check Use SSL certificate and Use SSL private key and point both to the Rizon.pem file you created.
- Change your connection settings and enable the SSL option.
- Add your client certificate fingerprint to NickServ.
mIRC
Move the Rizon.pem file to a safe place. Make sure SSL is enabled in your mIRC by typing //echo -a $sslready
which should return $true. If not, then go here https://www.mirc.com/ssl.html
- Go to Tools → Options → Connect → Options
- Press the SSL... button.
- If there isn't one, then upgrade your mIRC to the latest version. Otherwise, follow the OpenSSL installation steps properly, noting the second Notes bullet point.
- Click on the empty box below Private key file:, navigate to where you placed your Rizon.pem and select it.
- Do the same for Certificate chain file:
- Press OK , (re)connect, and add your client certificate fingerprint to NickServ.
- Finally, to check whether you are connected with SSL,
//echo -a $ssl
should return $true.
XChat
XChat uses the .pem file that corresponds with the name of the network under Network list. If irc.rizon.net is named under Rizon, then all you have to do is move the Rizon.pem file to ~/.xchat2/Rizon.pem
for Linux/UNIX users, or C:\Users\xxx\AppData\Roaming\X-Chat 2
for Windows users. If it's not named Rizon, then you will have to either rename the .pem file, or rename the network that irc.rizon.net is listed under, so they match each other. Once you are done with that:
- Go to XChat → Network List
- In the Networks list, find Rizon and press Edit...
- Select the box Use SSL for all the servers on this network.
- Press Close and then press Connect
- Add your client certificate fingerprint to NickServ.
HexChat
HexChat uses the .pem file that corresponds with the name of the network under Network list. If irc.rizon.net is named under Rizon, then all you have to do is move the Rizon.pem file to ~/.config/hexchat/certs/Rizon.pem
for Linux users, or C:\Users\xxx\AppData\Roaming\hexchat\certs
for Windows users. If it's not named Rizon, then you will have to either rename the .pem file, or rename the network that irc.rizon.net is listed under, so they match each other. Once you are done with that:
- Go to HexChat → Network List
- In the Networks list, find Rizon and press Edit...
- Select the box Use SSL for all the servers on this network.
- Press Close and then press Connect
- Add your client certificate fingerprint to NickServ.
WeeChat
- Quit WeeChat
- Move Rizon.pem to
~/.weechat/ssl/Rizon.pem
- Open
~/.weechat/irc.conf
- Make the following options look like this:
# changing the port to 6697 or 9999 is what matters rizon.addresses = "irc.rizon.net/6697" rizon.ssl = on rizon.ssl_cert = "%h/ssl/Rizon.pem" # 2048 is the default anyway... *shrugs* rizon.ssl_dhkey_size = 2048
Irssi
- On your shell: move the cert to
~/.irssi/certs/Rizon.pem
- In Irssi: use this command
/SERVER ADD -tls -tls_cert ~/.irssi/certs/Rizon.pem -network Rizon irc.rizon.net 6697
- Add your client certificate fingerprint to NickServ.
ZNC
- Ensure the Cert module is loaded (cert not certauth).
- To add your certificate/pem file, either:
- Copy and paste the contents of the *.pem file into the *certauth web interface at
- http<s>://<url>:<port>/mods/network/<rizon net name>/cert/
- or
- Copy and paste the contents of the *.pem file into the *certauth web interface at
- Add your client certificate fingerprint to NickServ.
Quassel
- Go to Quassel and click Settings → Configure Quassel (or press F7).
- Click Identities in the left-hand sidebar, and choose the identity you wish to associate your certificate with.
- In the Advanced tab, under the Use SSL Certificate section, load the Rizon.pem file you created.
You can check to make sure this is setup correctly by typing /msg *cert info
. If you get back You have a certificate in: <path>
then you're done. You can now use /msg *status connect
to reconnect using cert.
If you have configured everything correctly, you should see the following when you connect to Rizon:
*** Connected securely via TLSv1.2 ECDHE-RSA-AES256-GCM-SHA384-256 *** Your client certificate fingerprint is xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx Welcome to the Rizon Internet Relay Chat Network Rebel_n00b
Add the certificate fingerprint to NickServ
- Identify yourself through services with
/msg NickServ IDENTIFY yourPassword
. - Copy and paste this line:
/msg NickServ ACCESS ADD FINGERPRINT
- In your client, disable whatever auto-authentication you've had with NickServ, before you saw this tutorial
- Change your Rizon server settings to use SASL (External) for login method, instead.
- Reconnect.
If it works, you will be identified by services automatically via the fingerprint.
If you have any questions, feel free to join #ssl or #help and ask.